English as a second language (ESL) is the
use or study of English by speakers with different native
languages.
English is a language which has great reach and influence;
it is taught all over the world under many different circumstances. In
English-speaking countries,
English language teaching has essentially evolved
in two broad directions : instruction for people who intend to live there and
for those who do not. These divisions have grown firmer as the instructors of
these two "industries" have used different terminology, followed
distinct training qualifications, formed separate professional
associations, and so on. Crucially, these two arms have very different funding
structures, public in the former and private in the latter, and to some extent
this influences the way schools are established and classes are held.
Matters
are further complicated by the fact that the United States and
the United Kingdom, both major engines of the language, describe these
categories in different terms: as many British observers have had attributed to
them, the saying goes that "England and America are two countries
divided by a common language."
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